Migraine Headache: Pulsating Head Pain Attacks that often have Visual Phenomena
What is a Migraine Headache?
Migraine Headache is a nervous system disorder resulting in unilateral occurring on one side (for adults) or bilateral occurring on both sides (for children); moderate to severe front to temporal (near the temples) head pain, with or without perceived visual phenomena known as an Aura, along with other Migraine symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting, yawning, or sensitivity to sound or movement.
Introduction to Migraines
The two types of Migraine Head Pain
Next to Tension Headaches, Migraines are the second most common type of Primary Headache. There are two major Migraine Types:
Migraine without Aura Migraine with Aura
What is an Aura?
Aura is the name for visual Migraine Symptoms. The Migraine Aura is also known as a Prodrome, that occurs up to two days before or at the beginning of a Migraine. A prodrome is a premonition. A premonition is a prediction, forewarning or anticipation of impending action. The Aura may have a number of perceived individual visual characteristics or combination of visual characteristics such as:
Hallucinations Hypersensitivity to light Flashing lights- Scintilla Zigzag patterns Fortification Size or shape distortion Tunnel vision Black or colored spots Rainbows or Rainbow colors Blurred vision Blind spots or blindness Kaleidoscopic light patterns
Other Migraine Headache Symptoms common to Migraine with Aura
When a person has a Migraine with an Aura, there are additional symptoms that may be experienced:
Numbness Tingling Pins and Needles Speech Impairment Dizziness Ringing in the ears Diminished hearing Double vision Decreased coordination
Migraine Symptoms common to both Migraine Headache Types
There are many different kinds of Migraine Symptoms associated with Migraine Headaches. Various combinations of the symptoms are experienced, and not all of the symptoms are experienced during a headache episode. Migraine Headache Symptoms besides Aura that are common to Migraine Headaches with or without Aura are:
Vomiting Nausea Yawning Sensitivity to sound or movement Low Blood Pressure Irritability Moderate to severe head pain Bilateral Head Pain for children Unilateral head pain for adults Pulsating (throbbing in sync to heartbeat) head pain Increased pain upon physical activity Pain at the front of the head at or near the temples Fatigue Neck and/or shoulder stiffness Difficulty concentrating Lack of healthy skin color
What are Migraine Triggers?
Migraine Headaches fall into the category of Primary Headaches. Primary Headaches initiate independently of external health conditions. A Migraine Headache occurs when triggered by an internal or external condition or factor. Those factors or conditions are known as Migraine Triggers. Some common Migraine Triggers are:
International Headache Society Migraine Characteristics
The International Headache Society has defined Migraine Symptoms and Characteristics for both types of Migraine Headaches. Please use their following information to help you compare and assess your Migraine Symptoms with their data.
International Headache Society - Migraine Without Aura
A minimum of 5 attacks that meet criteria of B, C, D, and E
Untreated or unsuccessfully treated Headache attacks lasting 4 to 72 hours
Headache with at least 2 of the following characteristics:
Pain on one side of the head
Pulsating head pain
Moderate to severe intensity
Aggravated pain by walking up stairs or similar routine physical activity
1 of the following symptoms during the headache:
Nausea and vomiting (or either)
Light Sensitivity-Photophobia and Sound Sensitivity- Phonophobia
No evidence of any disease with similar symptoms
International Headache Society - Migraine With Aura
A minimum of 2 attacks that meet criteria of B and C
At least 3 of the following 4 characteristics:
One or more aura symptoms that are completely reversible with indication of:
Visual phenomena
Numbness or tingling in the face, arm, or hand on one side of the body
Muscle weakness or mild paralysis on one side of the body
Speech difficulty or speech loss
At least one aura symptom develops gradually over more than 4 minutes or two or more symptoms occur one after the other.
No aura symptom lasts more than 60 minutes
Headache follows aura in less than 1 hour
No evidence of related organic disease
Migraine Pain Assessment - Take the next important step before treatment
The Migraine Pain Assessment is an important preparatory step for an accurate diagnosis of your headache symptoms and headache causes that will lead to an effective Migraine Treatment Plan. As you can already see, knowledge of Migraine Symptoms and Migraine Triggers are an extremely important aspect of Migraine Treatment and Migraine Prevention. If you walk into your Migraine Specialists Office prepared with accurate and complete information, your doctor be able to accurately assess and diagnosis your condition. That information will help your doctor give you the migraine help you need with an effective Treatment Plan, which in turn results in a consistent and considerable degree of Migraine Relief!